Parasitic Heating of Perovskite- and Silicon-Based Photovoltaics

The origins of parasitic heating for photovoltaic (PV) technologies based on silicon, perovskites, and their combination in monolithic tandems are investigated. To quantify heating losses, the cooling score (CS) as a new simple metric, representing the percentage of incident solar irradiance not contributing to module heating is introduced. This is a function of both the optical structure and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PV modules and allows a fair comparison between different technologies under identical performance-evaluation scenarios. Silicon single-junction devices have the lowest CS due to their low bandgap (causing significant carrier thermalization losses) and their use of light-trapping structures to increase their PCE which also undesirably increases parasitic absorption of sub-bandgap photons. Conversely, perovskite single-junction devices show the highest CS in all studied performance-evaluation scenarios thanks to their wider bandgap and high absorption coefficient, enabling absorption of all solar photons that may contribute to the photocurrent without requiring light-trapping structures. While perovskite/silicon tandems minimize thermalization losses, they also usually employ light-trapping structures in their bottom cell to increase their PCE, which lowers their CS. Through simulation and outdoor experiments, it is demonstrated that an efficient module-cooling environment may significantly suppress the detrimental effects associated with a low CS.

Lujia Xu and Erkan Aydin and Michele De Bastiani and Maxime Babics and Jiang Liu and Randi Azmi and Mohammed Alamer and Michael F. Salvador and Wenzhu Liu and Thomas Allen and Fuzong Xu and Jingxuan Kang and Anand Subbiah and Wenbo Yan and Atteq Ur Rehman and Lyu Zhou and Waseem Raja and Qiaoqiang Gan and Zhengxin Liu and Stefaan De Wolf

Advanced Energy Materials

cooling score,parasitic heating,perovskites,silicon,tandem

2023

6

10.1002/AENM.202300013

1614-6840

24

2300013

John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

13