WEBVTT 00:00:01.240 --> 00:00:02.260 In this video 00:00:02.260 --> 00:00:05.180 I'm going to give you a brief introduction 00:00:05.180 --> 00:00:07.820 to solving modules inside SunSolve 00:00:07.820 --> 00:00:10.740 and in particular I'm just going to be showing you 00:00:10.740 --> 00:00:12.800 some of the new features that were introduced 00:00:12.800 --> 00:00:14.660 in version 5. 00:00:15.260 --> 00:00:16.875 There are two types of modules 00:00:16.875 --> 00:00:18.220 you can solve in SunSolve 00:00:18.320 --> 00:00:20.640 There's a unit cell module where we treat the 00:00:20.780 --> 00:00:23.540 module as being infinitely large 00:00:23.540 --> 00:00:25.020 from an optical point of view, 00:00:25.360 --> 00:00:26.820 and that was the type of module 00:00:26.900 --> 00:00:28.960 that was in earlier versions of the software, 00:00:29.460 --> 00:00:32.260 and we now have this complete module solving 00:00:32.260 --> 00:00:34.320 in which we would lay out the module 00:00:34.440 --> 00:00:36.240 and include the edge effects. 00:00:36.660 --> 00:00:38.280 So let's have a look at one of those. 00:00:38.280 --> 00:00:41.040 We have some templates here you can click on those 00:00:41.420 --> 00:00:43.520 and enter the software. 00:00:44.040 --> 00:00:48.660 All of the module layout information is on the layout tab. 00:00:49.400 --> 00:00:51.180 You can see that it's grouped inside 00:00:51.180 --> 00:00:53.020 this module area here. 00:00:53.420 --> 00:00:55.500 So you're now able to define 00:00:55.500 --> 00:00:59.240 how many cells you have in the X and the Y direction. 00:00:59.860 --> 00:01:01.460 Each one of those cells has 00:01:01.460 --> 00:01:03.180 a certain amount of spacing around it 00:01:03.180 --> 00:01:05.180 and you can also then, 00:01:05.180 --> 00:01:08.540 by clicking on this include perimeter button, you can 00:01:08.540 --> 00:01:10.860 include additional white spacing 00:01:10.860 --> 00:01:12.920 at the edges of the module and so you can do 00:01:12.920 --> 00:01:14.460 that separately at the left and right, 00:01:14.460 --> 00:01:17.120 top and bottom of the module itself. 00:01:17.300 --> 00:01:19.480 It's also possible to include frames. 00:01:19.660 --> 00:01:21.260 The frames wrap all the way around the 00:01:21.260 --> 00:01:23.780 module and you can define them to be 00:01:23.780 --> 00:01:26.640 the same width and height everywhere or you 00:01:26.640 --> 00:01:29.920 can define those to be separately at every side. 00:01:30.200 --> 00:01:32.460 You can see down here what the frame looks like. 00:01:32.680 --> 00:01:36.500 You essentially have a component of it which we call 00:01:36.500 --> 00:01:38.580 just the frame itself and then 00:01:38.580 --> 00:01:41.060 there's an additional section which is the bracket. 00:01:41.400 --> 00:01:43.840 You can remove the bracket just by setting these inputs 00:01:43.840 --> 00:01:45.420 to zero, 00:01:45.840 --> 00:01:47.720 and for the frame itself, 00:01:47.720 --> 00:01:50.480 we would define an optical material, 00:01:50.500 --> 00:01:52.600 and you can also set the interface properties 00:01:52.600 --> 00:01:53.700 of that frame. 00:01:53.700 --> 00:01:55.880 So this would include the amount of scattering, 00:01:56.100 --> 00:01:58.380 and if we had any films on there 00:01:58.380 --> 00:02:00.640 or we might want to actually 00:02:00.640 --> 00:02:02.400 measure the frame material itself 00:02:02.400 --> 00:02:04.220 and just set that to be a wavelength 00:02:04.229 --> 00:02:06.980 dependent reflector. 00:02:07.780 --> 00:02:09.830 For the electrical solving, 00:02:09.830 --> 00:02:12.640 so this happens after the ray tracer. 00:02:12.920 --> 00:02:15.480 So the ray tracer itself will record 00:02:15.480 --> 00:02:18.460 how much light was absorbed in every single cell, 00:02:18.460 --> 00:02:19.960 within that module. 00:02:19.960 --> 00:02:21.858 We then take that information 00:02:21.860 --> 00:02:24.850 and we multiply it by a collection efficiency 00:02:25.340 --> 00:02:28.180 and that provides us with a light generated current 00:02:28.180 --> 00:02:31.180 that we then use inside an equivalent circuit solver. 00:02:31.700 --> 00:02:36.340 The ray tracing recalls whether that light was absorbed 00:02:36.360 --> 00:02:38.640 after it entered from the front side of the cell 00:02:38.760 --> 00:02:40.800 or from the rear side and so you're able to 00:02:40.800 --> 00:02:43.300 define different collection efficiency, 00:02:43.300 --> 00:02:46.360 and then for the actual layout of the cell itself, 00:02:46.360 --> 00:02:49.060 of the module itself. 00:02:49.060 --> 00:02:52.280 We bring these equivalent circuits together 00:02:52.280 --> 00:02:54.860 in whatever layout you define 00:02:54.860 --> 00:02:58.080 and solve that to balance the circuit out. 00:02:58.240 --> 00:03:01.960 So you can include bypass diodes or remove them 00:03:02.420 --> 00:03:03.760 and you can, 00:03:03.760 --> 00:03:05.820 we've got some buttons here that you can set 00:03:05.820 --> 00:03:09.380 to some of the standard cell layouts for example here, 00:03:09.380 --> 00:03:12.040 where we have two different 00:03:12.660 --> 00:03:14.040 parallel strings of cells 00:03:14.040 --> 00:03:16.240 with some bypass diodes through the middle 00:03:16.240 --> 00:03:19.240 this is what you might have for those half cut modules 00:03:19.240 --> 00:03:24.040 or just a sort of a more standard 72 cell module 00:03:25.260 --> 00:03:27.760 once you run the simulation, we come on 00:03:27.760 --> 00:03:31.760 to the output tabs so there's quite a lot of information 00:03:31.760 --> 00:03:33.680 you can have a look at a detailed view 00:03:33.680 --> 00:03:35.900 of the wavelength-dependent losses and 00:03:35.900 --> 00:03:39.260 at first we have combined the cell and the module parts 00:03:39.260 --> 00:03:41.620 of that however you can unlock those 00:03:41.620 --> 00:03:44.100 and then what you'll notice is that you're getting 00:03:44.100 --> 00:03:50.520 the absorption in every single part of this device 00:03:51.580 --> 00:03:53.860 we also integrate that against the spectrum 00:03:53.860 --> 00:03:57.260 on the photon currents tab, similarly you can have this 00:03:57.269 --> 00:04:00.260 sort of detailed loss analysis 00:04:00.260 --> 00:04:03.989 where we see how much was reflected, 00:04:03.989 --> 00:04:06.340 or transmitted and we have 00:04:06.340 --> 00:04:08.980 the absorption within the cell components themselves, 00:04:08.980 --> 00:04:11.560 so the metal layers and the silicon bulk 00:04:11.960 --> 00:04:14.760 also within the module components 00:04:14.760 --> 00:04:17.380 themselves so the loss percentage in the front glass 00:04:17.380 --> 00:04:19.960 the EVA in the different ribbons 00:04:20.260 --> 00:04:21.540 et cetera 00:04:23.800 --> 00:04:26.020 We also then, so this is, 00:04:26.020 --> 00:04:28.400 these first two tabs are all the optical losses and we 00:04:28.420 --> 00:04:30.720 have the electrical losses 00:04:30.720 --> 00:04:35.060 So firstly on the module JV tab here we run that 00:04:35.060 --> 00:04:38.300 electrical solver for three different cases. 00:04:38.300 --> 00:04:39.830 I haven't mentioned it yet but we 00:04:39.830 --> 00:04:43.560 allow some definition of temperature modification 00:04:43.560 --> 00:04:44.780 to the equivalent circuit 00:04:44.780 --> 00:04:47.680 and if that's set then these numbers here will change 00:04:48.300 --> 00:04:50.360 we also solve the circuit 00:04:50.360 --> 00:04:52.480 with all of those cells disconnected 00:04:52.820 --> 00:04:55.300 we call this the the no mismatch case 00:04:55.300 --> 00:04:58.580 so imagine each one of these cells here 00:04:58.580 --> 00:05:01.400 having its power solved 00:05:01.400 --> 00:05:03.240 independent of the other cells 00:05:03.240 --> 00:05:05.360 if we then add that power up it gives us some 00:05:05.360 --> 00:05:07.360 sort of a theoretical metric 00:05:07.360 --> 00:05:08.980 for how much power we might have gotten out of 00:05:08.990 --> 00:05:11.880 that module without any mismatch losses. 00:05:11.880 --> 00:05:13.420 We then connect those cells 00:05:13.430 --> 00:05:15.980 together along with the bypass diodes 00:05:15.980 --> 00:05:18.620 and we balance that whole thing out with a spice solver 00:05:18.620 --> 00:05:21.320 and that gives us a final output of the module 00:05:21.320 --> 00:05:22.540 and that's the 00:05:23.100 --> 00:05:26.660 curve that you can see on the JV plot here. 00:05:27.680 --> 00:05:30.780 On this cell tab you'll also notice this heat map. 00:05:30.780 --> 00:05:32.640 So this is letting us know 00:05:32.640 --> 00:05:35.360 how much current was generated in each of the cells 00:05:35.840 --> 00:05:39.540 and we can also have a look at more detailed analysis 00:05:39.540 --> 00:05:40.580 of that. 00:05:41.100 --> 00:05:42.440 For each light source, 00:05:42.440 --> 00:05:44.300 how much was generated from the front 00:05:44.300 --> 00:05:46.920 and how much was generated from the rear. 00:05:46.920 --> 00:05:49.500 so here in this case you can see that 00:05:50.060 --> 00:05:54.080 this module we only illuminated it from the front 00:05:54.080 --> 00:05:55.760 it let the light go between 00:05:55.760 --> 00:05:58.420 the cells but then because that bracket is there 00:05:58.420 --> 00:05:59.520 it's actually reflected some of 00:05:59.520 --> 00:06:01.900 the light up onto the edges. 00:06:01.900 --> 00:06:05.700 So this kind of a view allows us to understand a 00:06:05.720 --> 00:06:08.380 little bit better how that parts of the module itself 00:06:08.380 --> 00:06:11.500 contribute to the overall amount of current 00:06:11.500 --> 00:06:14.200 that's being generated by the module. 00:06:16.800 --> 00:06:19.800 So that's the complete layout of the module 00:06:19.800 --> 00:06:21.060 and how we can, 00:06:21.600 --> 00:06:23.840 solve that, how we can have a look at the 00:06:23.840 --> 00:06:27.680 different losses within that module both the optical 00:06:27.680 --> 00:06:29.720 and the electrical. 00:06:34.000 --> 00:06:36.765 So another thing that you might like to do, 00:06:36.765 --> 00:06:39.680 is to measure the bifaciality of a module 00:06:40.080 --> 00:06:43.380 and this is going to approximate how that might look 00:06:43.380 --> 00:06:46.560 if you were using an IV tester to measure it. 00:06:46.780 --> 00:06:50.780 So this time what I'll do is I'll select this half cut 00:06:51.500 --> 00:06:53.260 bifacial module 00:06:53.740 --> 00:06:56.920 and this is one of these modules where actually 00:06:56.920 --> 00:07:00.400 what we've defined is a window here 00:07:00.400 --> 00:07:03.020 so you'll notice some of our interfaces 00:07:03.020 --> 00:07:06.540 now you're actually able to choose two regions 00:07:06.540 --> 00:07:09.500 and you can set a shape on the inner region 00:07:09.500 --> 00:07:11.940 so my inner region here 00:07:11.940 --> 00:07:13.800 has nothing defined, that means that light 00:07:13.800 --> 00:07:14.580 can pass through it, 00:07:14.580 --> 00:07:17.500 however my outer region is actually a reflector. 00:07:18.180 --> 00:07:21.220 So the effect of this is that behind my EVA layer 00:07:21.220 --> 00:07:23.340 I've actually got a window in my backsheet 00:07:23.340 --> 00:07:25.700 so I've got backsheet between my cells 00:07:25.700 --> 00:07:28.360 and then I've got an opening behind them. 00:07:30.880 --> 00:07:35.360 in the circuit layout we have 00:07:35.360 --> 00:07:39.060 the two strings attached in parallel 00:07:39.060 --> 00:07:40.860 with the bypass diodes between it. 00:07:41.240 --> 00:07:43.380 So I'm going to start by simulating that 00:07:43.380 --> 00:07:46.220 with a light source which has a zenith of zero 00:07:46.540 --> 00:07:50.200 this means that it's coming directly down onto the cell 00:07:50.200 --> 00:07:52.480 but I can also then make a copy of that 00:07:52.480 --> 00:07:55.400 and set this to 00:07:55.400 --> 00:07:57.560 apply the illumination from the rear side 00:07:58.340 --> 00:08:00.180 and we'll solve that as well. 00:08:00.520 --> 00:08:02.700 So when I come to the outputs here 00:08:03.180 --> 00:08:06.240 we can see we've got our little half cut modules there 00:08:06.900 --> 00:08:08.640 half cut cells rather 00:08:08.980 --> 00:08:13.080 and on our module JV tab 00:08:13.080 --> 00:08:16.500 so we're getting close to 400 watts from the front 00:08:16.920 --> 00:08:19.140 and from the rear side 00:08:20.080 --> 00:08:21.480 almost three hundred. 00:08:22.220 --> 00:08:24.180 So this would be how you would determine 00:08:24.180 --> 00:08:25.940 the bifaciality of that module 00:08:25.940 --> 00:08:28.100 you could just divide those two numbers 00:08:28.100 --> 00:08:32.660 to get the amount that's coming from the rear side